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The USA is a
presidential republic. The legislative power of the USA is
vested in the Congress of the USA. The Congress was created by
Article I of the Constitution, adopted in 1787. It consists of
two chambers — the Senate and the House of Representatives. The
Senate is made up of 100 members (2 from each state) elected for
a term of 4 years. One third of the Senate is elected every 2
years. To be elected a Senator, a person must be at least 30
years old, and have been a citizen of the USA for at least 9
years. The House of Representatives comprises representatives
from each state, elected for a two-year term. The number of
representatives from each state depends on its population, but
each state is represented. To be elected a representative, a
person must be at least 25 years old, and have been a citizen of
the USA for at least 7 years. The presiding officer of the
Senate is the Vice-President of the USA. The presiding officer
of the House of Representatives, the Speaker, is elected by the
House. The work of preparing and considering laws is done by the
committees of both Houses. There are 15 standing commissions in
the Senate and 19 in the House of Representatives. The Congress
assembles at least once a year.
The executive
branch of the government consists of the President, the
Vice-President and the Cabinet. The President's term of office
is four years, together with the Vice-President, elected for the
same term. The President is the head of the executive branch of
the government; he appoints the members of the Cabinet. The
Cabinet advises the President on many matters and is composed of
the heads often executive departments; Secretary of State,
Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of Defense and others.
The judicial
branch of the government is headed by the Supreme Court which
settles disputes between the states. The Supreme Court may veto
any law passed by the Congress if it contradicts the
Constitution of the USA.
The USA is a federal union, and the President is the head of the
federal government, which deals with international problems and
national matters. But every state has its own constitution and
state government headed by the congress and managing their local
affairs. Their laws and decisions must not contradict the
Constitution of the USA. The US national flag — stars and
stripes — is red, white and blue. Thirteen stripes represent the
original 13 states the 50 stars represent the current number of
states in the USA.
Translate the
following sentences into English.
1. США — это президентская республика и федеральный союз,
где президент является главой федерального правительства.
2. Конгресс, созданный в соответствии со статьей 1 конституции,
состоит из двух палат — сената и палаты представителей.
3. Сенат состоит из 100 членов, избираемых на срок 4 года, одна
треть сената избирается каждые 2 года, а чтобы быть выбранным в
сенат, надо быть не младше 30 лет и быть гражданином США не
менее чем в течение 9 лет.
4. Председательствующий сената — вице-президент США,
председательствующий палаты представителей — спикер.
5. Исполнительная власть правительства состоит из президента,
вице-президента и кабинета министров, который дает рекомендации
президенту по многим вопросам и состоит из глав исполнительных
ведомств, Государственного секретаря, министра финансов,
министра обороны.
6. Во главе судебной власти находится Верховный суд, который
урегулирует разногласия между штатами и может наложить вето на
любой закон, если тот противоречит конституции.
7. Президент занимается международными и внутренними делами.
1. The USA is a
presidential republic and a federal union, and the President is
the head of the federal government.
2. The Congress created by Article I of the Constitution
consists of two chambers — the Senate and the House of
Representatives.
3. The Senate is made up of 100 members elected for a term of 4
years, one third of the Senate is elected every 2 years, and to
be elected to the Senate a person must be at least 30 years old
and have been a citizen of the USA for at least 9 years.
4. The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice-President of
the USA, the presiding officer of the House of Representatives
is the Speaker.
5. The executive branch of the government consists of the
President, the Vice-President and the Cabinet which advises the
President on many matters and is composed of the heads often
executive departments, Secretary of State, Secretary of
Treasury, Secretary of Defence.
6. The judicial branch of the government is headed by the
Supreme Court which settles disputes between the states and may
veto any law if it contradicts the Constitution.
7. The President deals with international problems and national
matters.
Из пособия "ЕГЭ. Английский язык.
Устные темы" Занина Е.Л. (2010, 272с.) - Part
two.
Additional topics.
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