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Pollock's early
work was influenced by the Mexican muralists David Alfaro
Siqueiros, and Diego Rivera. After visiting exhibitions of Pablo
Picasso and Surrealist Art, his work became more symbolic.
Pollock's first solo show was held at Peggy Guggenheim's Art of
this Century Gallery (in New York) in 1943.
Pollock's style
changed dramatically beginning in 1947. He began painting with
his (usually large) canvases placed on the floor, and developed
his 'pour' technique. He used his brushes as sticks to drip
paint, and the brush never touched the canvas. This was an
origination of action painting. He changed the Western tradition
of using an easel and brush, as well as moved away from use only
of the hand and wrist — as he used his whole body to paint.
Pollock was dubbed 'Jack the Dripper' due to his painting style.
This change in
style and technique came from many influences. In the winter of
1947-48, Pollock published a commentary, called Possibilities,
describing his new method: 'My painting does not come from the
easel I prefer to tack the unstretched canvas to the hard wall
or the floor. I need the resistance of a hard surface. On the
floor I am more at ease. I feel nearer, more part of the
painting, since this way I can walk around it, work from the
four sides and literally be in the painting. This is akin to the
method of the Indian sand painters of the West. When I am in my
painting, I'm not aware of what I'm doing. It is only after a
sort of 'get acquainted' period that I
see what I have been about. I have no fear of making changes,
destroying the image, etc., because the painting has a life of
its own. I try to let it come through. It is only when I lose
contact with the painting that the result is a mess. Otherwise
there is pure harmony, an easy give and take, and the painting
comes out well/ Other influences on his 'pour4 technique include
the Mexican muralists mentioned above, and also Surrealist
automatism.
When the first
set of these paintings was exhibited in 1948 it was a sensation
and a sell out. Pollock was able to take on a larger studio
building and there produced the series of 6 paintings of 1950
for which he is most renowned. Pollock was profiled in Time
Magazine as 'the greatest living American artist' in 1951. His
1952 painting of Blue Poles was sold for $2 million, which was
then the highest price paid for a contemporary artwork, when it
was bought by the National Gallery of Australia in 1973.
Translate the
following sentences into English.
1. Раннее творчество Поллока испытало влияние со стороны
мексиканских художников-монументалистов; позднее стало
символическим, а еще позднее Поллок стал применять технику
налива краски на холст, что означало возникновение направления
живописи, использующий технологию разбрызгивания краски на
холст.
2. Он изменил западную традицию использования мольберта и кисти,
и за стиль живописи его стали называть «Джек-Разбрызгиватель».
3. При написании картины ему нужно было сопротивление твердой
поверхности, чтобы достичь в живописи «чистой гармонии».
4. Когда была выставлена первая серия его картин, они вызвали
сенсацию и были распроданы, после чего он написал свою наиболее
знаменитую серию из 6 картин.
5. Поллока называли «величайшим из современных американских
художников», и его картины продавались по самым высоким в то
время ценам на произведения современного искусства.
1. Pollock's early work was influenced by the
Mexican muralists, later it became symbolic, and then he
developed his 'pour' technique, which was an origination of
action painting.
2. He changed the Western tradition of using an easel and a
brush and was dubbed 'Jack the Dripper' due to his painting
style.
3. For his painting, he needed the resistance of a hard surface
to achieve pure harmony in his painting.
4. When the first set of his pictures was exhibited, there was a
sensation and a sell-out, and reproduced his series of 6
pictures which is most renowned.
5. Pollock was named 'the greatest living American artist', and
his paintings were sold at prices which then were the highest
prices for contemporary artworks.
Из пособия "ЕГЭ. Английский язык.
Устные темы" Занина Е.Л. (2010, 272с.) - Part
two.
Additional topics.
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