Английский язык. Учебник для студентов и аспирантов гуманитарных специальностей вузов. Колыхалова О.А., Макаев В.В.

М.: Академия, 1998. - 463 с.

Учебник написан молодыми специалистами в области филологии и педагогики, использующими в своей работе классические принципы дидактики и современные направления в российском и западном университетском образовании. Учебник отражает современные инновационные тенденции в методике преподавания языка, ориентированные на его глубокое и полное изучение. Учебник вовлекает обучаемых в самостоятельную работу и полезен как для занятий под руководством учителя, так и для самостоятельного изучения и совершенствования своих знаний.

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ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ
BOOK I
PART I. WORD POWER (VOCABULARY STUDY)
SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION TO WORD POWER (WP) 5
SECTION II. WORDS ON WORDS 5
SECTION III. EVALUATE YOUR WORD KNOWLEDGE 8
SECTION IV. THE WORD IN THE DICTIONARY 9
SECTION V. CONNOTATION 12
SECTION VI. A STRUCTURAL APPROACH TO WORD STUDY 13
SECTION VII. A CONTEXTUAL APPROACH TO WORD STUDY 15
SECTION VIII. SEMANTIC FIELDS 17
UNIT A: AREAS, SCRIPTS, TOPICS, CATEGORIES 17
UNIT B: LANGUAGE OF RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS IN SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES (“Hedging”) 20
UNIT C: TERMS USED IN STUDY AND TEST SITUATIONS 21
SECTION IX. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE 21
SECTION X. APPNDIX 22
UNIT 1: PREFIXES, STEMS, (ROOTS) SUFFIXES 22
A: PREFIXES 22
В: NUMERICAL PREFIXES USED IN MEASUREMENTS 24
C: QUANTITATIVE PREFIXES 24
D: STEMS/ROOTS 25
E. Suffixes used to form (and sinify) the various parts of speech 29
UNIT 2: REFERENCE WORDS AND ABBREVIATIONS 29
UNIT 3: VERBS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES 32
UNIT 4: TERMS USED IN TEXT ANALYSIS 33
UNIT 5: THE UNIVERSITY WORD LIST 34
PART II. AN APPROACH TO READING
SECTION I. INTRODUCTION TO AN APPROACH TO READING 41
UNIT 1. VARIETIES OF MEANING 41
UNIT 2. WHAT THE WRITER MEANS 42
(AND WHAT HE ASSUMES THE READER ALREADY KNOWS) 42
SECTION II. DEALING WITH SENTENCE 43
UNIT 1. EXERCISES ON SENTENCE PATTERNS 43
UNIT 2. COMPLEX. SIMPLE. COMPLEX 50
UNIT 3. REGISTER 51
UNIT 4. USING RELATIVE PRONOUNS TO FORM COMPLEX SENTENCE 51
UNIT 5. STRUCTURES WITH OMISSION 52
UNIT 6. THE USES OF PUNCTUATION 53
UNIT 7. DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN SIMILAR SENTENCES 53
UNIT 8. INDIRECTION: NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS 54
UNIT 9. IMPLICATION 56
UNIT 10. TYPES OF AMBIGUITY 56
UNIT 11. WHAT THE WRITER MEANS BUT FOR SOME REASONS PREFERS NOT TO SAY DIRECTLY 57
SECTION III. DEALING WITH PARAGRAPHS 58
UNIT 1. COHERENCE 58
UNIT 2. OLD AND NEW INFORMATION 60
UNIT 3. THE ORDERING OF SENTENCES IN A PARAGRAPH 61
SECTION IV. DEALING WITH TEXTS 63
UNIT 1. TYPES OF DISCOURSE 63
UNIT 2. READING STRATEGIES 64
UNIT 3. WHAT TITLES TELL US 65
UNIT 4. DIFFERENT WAYS OF PRESENTING INFORMATION 66
UNIT 5. TYPES OF SCHOLARLY 68
UNIT 6. GENERAL QUESTIONS AND ACTIVITIES THAT CAN (AND SHOULD) BE APPLIED TO ANY TEXT 68
UNIT 7. READING/WRITING ABSTRACTS 70
UNIT 8. READING/WRITING A SUMMARY 73
SECTION V. APPENDIX 74
UNIT 1. PARTS OF SPEECH 74
UNIT 2. SENTENCE PATTERNS 76
UNIT 3. PUNCTUATION 84
UNIT 4. THE CONJUNCTIONS OR CONNECTORS OF ENGLISH 86
UNIT 5. THE PREPOSITIONS OF ENGLISN 87
UNIT 6. COMMON CUES FOR THE READER (Devices That Further Coherence) 91
PART III. SHORT TEXTS
ANNUAL REPORT ON SPACESHIP EARTH 92
«WHAT REALLY MATTERED» 92
«WRITING OF WOMEN» 94
«TO BE A WOMAN AND A SCHOLAR» 94
«FILTERS AGAINST FOLLY» 96
CHIMPS EAT CHIMPS 96
SIGNS IN THE WILDERNESS 98
MIGHTIER THAN THE PEN 100
GETTING TO KNOW YOUR SYNCHRONIZED INPUT SHAFT 101
WHAT IS A JOURNALIST'S «FACT»? 102
AN INTERVIEW WITH JOHN NAISBITT, 103
CRIME AND POVERTY 104
BANALITY AND TERROR 105
TWO ANALOGIES FROM THE NOVELS OF CHINUA ACHEBE 106
THE ECONOMETRICS SYSTEM 108
SUBSISTENCE ALLOWANCE 110
SUBSISTENCE ALLOWANCE 110
IT'S ALL GREEK 110
THE MYSTERY OF LANGUAGE 111
THE TASK OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY 113
«PRICING THE PRICELESS CHILD»* 113
«THE FRENZY OF RENOWN» 114

BOOK II
PART IV. LONGER READING
LEARNING THE HARD WAY 116
MAN OF WISDOM 118
JAPANESE EDUCATION 120
EDUCATING LAWYERS 124
THE GENESIS OF THE MODERN TOY 133
HUMANISTIC MEDICINE 135
HANDS: A CASE STUDY 137
ECOLOGICAL ARMAGEDDON 140
WATER, WAR & PEACE 143
CLIMATE CHANGE 145
LEADERSHIP 151
THE ROLE OF ELITES 155
ISOLATION 157
THE USE AND ABUSE OF DRUGS 160
OUTSIDERS 164
STUDENT POWER IN MIDDLE AGES 168
ARE CRIMINALS MADE OR BORN? 170
WHAT IS A HISTORICAL FACT? 175
MORALITY AND FOREIGN POLICY 177
MORALITY AND FOREIGN POLICY: APPENDIX 179
HUMAN MIGRATION: 179
INTEGRATING RISK ANALYSIS INTO PUBLIC POLICYMAKING 185
EDUCATION AND POLITICAL TOLERANCE 188
«A TECHNOLOGY OF BEHAVIOR» 196
«HOW PSYCHOLOGY SANCTIONS THE CULT OF THE SELF» 199
EXPLAINING REVOLUTIONS IN THE CONTEMPORARY THIRD WORLD 205
PART V. EXERCISES ON TEXTS IN PARTS III AND IV 210
ANNUAL REPORT ON SPACESHIP EARTH 210
CHIMPS EAT CHIMPS, 211
SIGNS IN THE WILDERNESS 211
MIGHTIER THAN THE PEN 212
CRIME AND POVERTY 213
BANALITY AND TERROR 213
THE TASK OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY 214
LEARNING THE HARD WAY 215
MAN OF WISDOM 215
JAPANESE EDUCATION 216
EDUCATING LAWYERS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SAVVY 218
THE GENESIS OF THE MODERN TOY 219
HUMANISTIC MEDICINE 221
HANDS: A CASE STUDY 222
ECOLOGICAL ARMAGEDDON 223
WATER, WAR AND PEACE 224
LEADERSHIP 225
THE ROLE OF ELITES 226
ISOLATION 227
THE OUTSIDERS 229
STUDENT POWER IN THE MIDDLE AGES 230
ARE CRIMINALS MADE OR BORN? 232
WHAT IS A HISTORICAL FACT? 234
MORALITY AND FOREIGN POLICY 237
HUMAN MIGRATION 238
INTERGRATING RISK ANALYSIS INTO PUBLIC POLICYMAKING 239
EDUCATION AND POLITICAL TOLERANCE 240
A TECHNOLOGY OF BEHAVIOR 241